Suppose you kept your wallet on a memory stick, and there was a program that merchants could use, to type in a USD amount, that read the amount and converted it to Bitcoin at the current exchange rate, and then said "Insert memory stick". When the stick was inserted, the program would ask the user to type in a PIN code that was stored in a hashed file on the stick called "pin.dat". If it was accepted, the program would then load a key file that would decrypt the wallet.dat on the stick, transfer the correct amount, encrypt it again, and print a receipt for the transaction.
The downside to this is that it would require you to walk around with the most recent copy of your wallet in a relatively weak encryption format. Otherwise, it's very physical and could be streamlined to be really fast. What do you think?
How is that any easier than just having Bitcoins on your mobile phone and paying via:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZ-pqo0cLcESeems even easier than using physical cash (no issues of denomination).