Taproot Assets is a highly interesting technology, but what I was missing until now was a really good "ELI5".
I've found
this video now (it's already a year old so I simply missed it), so I'll describe in this post what seems to be the main benefits of TA with respect to competing technologies (not only BRC-20 but also systems like Counterparty or OmniLayer).
1) TA transactions look like regular Bitcoin (Taproot) transactions, which increases privacy. Due to the structure of transactions, a "Merkle Sum, Sparse Merkle Tree" (MS-SMT) embedded in a Taproot tree, it is easy to realize proofs (e.g. about token balances/quantities) without revealing other information like the transaction history.
2) TA transactions can transfer multiple kinds of assets or tokens at a time, as they can all be stuffed into a MS-SMT. This also allows to issue tokens to multiple accounts in single and relatively small transactions. Thus also on-chain TA transactions need less blockchain space than the competitors. (I am not 100% sure about the first part, maybe somebody can confirm this

)
3) There is a way to transfer TA assets over Lightning without all nodes between sender and receiver needing to support TA. As far as I have understood it, you need to be connected to a node which can do an atomic swap to Bitcoin, then route through Bitcoin Lightning nodes until another TA atomic swap node connected with the receiver of the payment. Basically you do 2 exchange operations in such a transfer, but as they're all instant it doesn't feel complicated. This looks however that some significant fees could be needed for the swaps, but for sure that depends on the liquidity of the token.
What would be also interesting for me are common characteristics and differences with RGB (another Lightning-supporting token/smart contract protocol). The
RGB documentation is even more technical than TA's, and it seems it's an even more abstract/low level protocol than TA. It was said that TA took some concepts from RGB and the dev team was even accused of plagiarism, but I don't know the details so I don't want to adhere to this claim or not
