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I can't personally envision any technological advancement, which Bitcoin couldn't adopt itself, that could lead to another network gaining traction at a rate which surpasses Bitcoin's network effects. If we don't drop the ball and stay technologically up-to-date, we would naturally remain the incumbent dominant force in the market. Perhaps that sounds arrogant, but it's the way I perceive the situation.
Fair enough. I don't object to people being hopeful, or optimistic, or even arrogant (I'm probably all of those things on any given day).
But framing it the way you do, you point out that the Bitcoin community
could drop the ball and fall behind (not respond quickly to market changes), and it's
possible that Bitcoin could diminish in popularity in the future. That's a sensible position.
Edit:
When we analyzed software technologies in the past, the primary factor in determining a technology's longevity is
cost of switching. In other words, how much would it cost a user of the technology to switch to using another technology?
In the case of something like the Java programming language, or the Windows or Linux OS, or other software that provides a
platform, the cost of switching is basically
infinity: we will never get away from those things unless there's a major paradigm shift for all computing.
Other technologies like say RDBMS software can have an extremely high cost of switching for many customers, but for others more reasonable. Here one can imagine a company shifting away from (say) Oracle to Postgres in order save money.
Other products have a conceivable cost of switching, but still very high because of network effects: Facebook, Twitter, etc. Users can switch away from these platforms if there is a lot of reason to do so, but there is still a (temporary at least) cost in terms of reduced functionality while the network effects equalize on the new platform.
Still other products have almost
zero cost of switching. An internet search engine is like this: it's as easy typing in a new URL on your browser, and using a new product.
So in this context, what is Bitcoin's cost of switching?
Here we need to look at two kinds of "users" of Bitcoin.
First there are "end users", e.g. somebody who uses some brokerage or app to buy and sell Bitcoin. For these users, the cost of switching is essentially zero: they just click a different button on the app's UI, and they move their holdings from Bitcoin to something else.
The other kind of user is B2B users, e.g. those using the API to integrate Bitcoin into their app. Here the question is how long would it take your average app provide to offer a new product to their users. In the specific case of Bitcoin, it would depend on the complexity of the API of the new product, but (since I have very direct experience with this), I would estimate that development cost here is comparatively
very small. (This is also demonstrated by the very high number of products that most of the end-user apps support).
So in short, if the market is compelled to switch from Bitcoin to something else, the cost of switching is, on the whole, insignificant. That's an important factor when looking at a product's potential longevity.