You can follow the discussion on the pull request but also in the email lists. That is much better than reading articles by under qualified writers that are posing as Bitcoin journalists.

Well, my Bitcoin core was corrupted for some reason, and I had to uninstall it. I don't remember if there is an option to recover or create a new wallet with seed phrases. I assume most people on the internet do not use Bitcoin Core as a wallet. They just run the Bitcoin core to help the network. For wallet purposes, it is recommended to use Electrum.

There might be other software wallets with better services, but I find Electrum easy to use and safe, and I have been using it for a couple of years now.

According to ChatGPT

No. For that you need to follow the BIP repository and the developer mailing list. Quantum resistance research is still in progress and it is unlikely that an implementation will be available or merged very soon.

There is only a draft BIP with the tentative number 360. I had opened a thread about that discussion.

It's however unlikely the BIP will be implemented soon. The problem is that the developers don't consider the current post quantum algorithms to be mature enough, and for example @achow101 (a Bitcoin developer) has stated in that thread that he'd prefer to choose a single, battle-tested algorithm, instead of letting the users decide which algorithm to use (that can be dangerous because many users have no idea about the safety of the different algorithms and their particular challenges and potential vulnerabilities).

I personally think that it is reasonable to wait a couple of years more, because quantum computers with hundreds of thousands of logical qubits would be needed to crack a Bitcoin key in several years, and millions if it should happen in a few days. That's imo at least a decade, if not a century away. (And afaik you can't just connect several 1000-qubit-machines to create a million-qubit supercomputer.) And until quantum computers can crack keys in a few minutes, there is a simple strategy to make coins "almost" quantum safe: don't re-use your addresses, and thus no public key is exposed.

The best way to stay up to date about development issues is to follow the Bitcoin-dev mailing list. There was a quite long discussion about the proposed BIP360.

The general view is that this field is still in its emergence and that more changes will come. Bitcoin is not the kind of technology that allows for making fatal errors with minimal consequences. The consequences of adopting the wrong algorithm could be devastating. Keep in mind that knowledge in this field is still lacking, i.e., there are too many unknowns. What seems secure today could become insecure tomorrow as quantum computers actually start getting used and we discover new ways of attacking encryption and hashes. Anyhow, some of these algorithms may be rejected for different reasons here but they may be useful somewhere else. Decentralized systems have different limitations and restrictions than centralized systems.  

Furthermore, Bitcoin is generally a very slow mover. I'd expect at least a few more years to pass before we start considering some "final candidates" for our replacements. Note that I am talking about final candidates for Bitcoin, not final candidates as given by NIST. Unless something forces us to act faster.

If you want to seriously discuss this, it would be better to open a new topic in Development & Technical Discussion as it would be off topic to continue this here. I've seen pieces of this discussion in many threads though.