Info below answers question and is not a chart

Invalid Blocks. The block chain that represents the entire history of all transactions in the Bitcoin network is linear; there can be no [permanent] branches. If two miners solve a block at about the same time, a branch occurs, and miners may begin building on either of the two. Whichever block chain grows faster becomes the “valid” block chain for the network, and the blocks in the “losing” chain become invalid. This is why there’s a 100-block maturation time before block rewards and transaction fees may be spent; it’s insurance against those BTC becoming invalid in the meantime.

Source: http://www.spreadbitcoins.com/bitcoin-terms-definitions/

Its the bitcoin core wallet, takes ages to sync , most people use web/lite wallets where supplier has a core wallet that the app syncs with,, faster than core wallet. Its also part of bitcoin being non centralised. As long as there are 2 nodes bitcoin keeps running.

i) What are the advantages of being a node?  Is there any reward?  Or just a feeling that you've contributed to the community?
ii) Why is it necessary for nodes to have the entire transaction history?  What use do the earliest transactions still serve?
I would have thought you'd only need the latest ones.

Why won't just the latest blocks do?  If nothing has gone wrong, can't very old blocks just expire? 
If I use internet banking, my bank won't let me dig up transactions that are more than a couple of years old.

i. If you want to solo-mine - you need[1] to be a node in order to be able to verify the transactions you include in the block you want to solve. When in a pool it does that for you.

ii. I will skip block 0, as it is special, but the reward for block 1 is also still 'unspent', so:


To be able to spend (or to confirm it wasn't spent yet) the reward from block 1 - you need to have the entire history back to that block[2]

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[1] it might be possible to solo-mine by using a network of 'full nodes' as a backend, but that's more of exception from the rule.
[2] at some point in time it might be necessary to 'shrink' the database and a list of 'unspent outputs only' may be used as a seed for the future transactions, but this is not yet the case.

Hello, today I didn't receive the payment. Is there anyone that happened it to? Maybe are any problems in the pool?

Same with me gof, but don't sweat it they always show up.
Things don't always happen as fast as one would like in the
BTC world, best to get used to it. Recently, for example, it
seems like every time I send someone a payment that should
be usable in 30 minutes, we get 3 45 minute blocks on Blockchain
and it is not available for 3 hours or more. Sometimes luck is
good, sometimes bad.

Bitmaintech.com almost cancelled my S3 orders, because they require payment in one hour.
Normally that is not a problem, as a block is found every 10 minutes +/-. Except when I
place an order for new miners, then it seems to take the next 3 blocks an hour each.
They have been around the block and get it, so it worked out. Personally, I try to keep
stats at a weekly level now, not a daily, and for sure not an hourly level.

Sometimes it is just one of those days, and there is nothing that you can do about it.

in a few more hours = 1 day, something is not right, time to move to another pool 

f
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What he said ^^^^^