Just throwing around ideas and brainstorming.
Each account number has a last number or letter. It could be a lottery, a random letter or number could be chosen during the harvesting process and then the first 10 nodes that check in with the harvester that have that chosen random letter/number as a last number/letter ending their account number get the token. To game the system a person would have to set up a lot of nodes, which ultimately would be good for the network. That is 1/36 chance of getting the token. If you want to make it more scarce, then the last two digits of an account number would make a 1/1296 chance. Surely somebody wouldn't set up that many nodes just to get some tokens that make a difference but not that much of a difference.
I guess to implement this there would have to be some master nodes that as a part of their duties connect to as many lower level nodes as possible (I am guessing either at least 36 or 1296 if each master node was responsible for each possibility, or another route could be that master nodes just connect to whoever). I think NXT works that way. Anybody running a client is kind of like a node, but not really because it is actually more complicated to set up a real node and once the real nodes are set up, they are somehow a little more trusted. At this point I am not sure but it seems like the system would be moving away from true decentralization and more towards distributed depending on exactly how this was done. I'd rather hope NEM is fully decentralized.
Interesting ideas, but I think any logic that relies on the number of nodes to determine the chance of getting a token to determine importance is a bad idea. The reason being that it makes it easier for large institutions to "game the system" as you said. While it is quite a chore for an individual to set up a lot of different nodes with unique IP addresses, it's not so difficult for a large institution who has access to the hardware and IP addresses to do so, and that to me is a threat.
Unless I'm just being paranoid.
